It has been like one enormous awakening of finding many wonderful rooms in a house that you never know existed.
—Cy Twombly
Cy Twombly: A Journey to Morocco, 1952-1953
Directed by Andrea Bettinetti
(Morocco, 2023, 13', Good Day Films)
In 1952 Cy Twombly receives a traveling fellowship of $1800 from the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts to study the ancient cultures of the Mediterranean and on August 20th leaves New York by boat for his first visit to Europe and North Africa with Robert Rauschenberg.
Courtesy Virginia Museum of Fine Arts
This is Cy Twombly’s statement sent to Mr. Leslie Cheek, Jr. and the Committee to apply for the Out- of-State fellowship.
In the complexity of Modern Art, in the wide and diverse background of sources and origins, it is fatal to look merely on the surface for cause, but to go back to the arts of the primitive cultures, classic construction and even National Traditions - for it is apparent that Mondrian is an outgrowth of Vermeer and the Flemish tradition, as Matisse is the French tradition, while Picasso draws directly and freely on the Spanish, French, African and Classic cultures.
The twentieth century is the great period for the revaluation of all known past cultures - The art of the Africans and Indians and etc., which have been considered barbarian, thus inferior cultures, have taken their due places of importance in relationship to our own present complex cultural patterns. The static classic cast and the eighteenth artificiality, which as art concept, has thus been broken to a great degree.
What I am trying to establish is - that Modern Art isn’t dislocated, but something with roots, tradition and continuity.
For myself the past is the source (for all art is vitally contemporary). I’m drawn to the primitive, the ritual and fetish elements, to the symmetrical plastic order (peculiarly basic to both primitive and classic concepts, so relating the two).
A Fellowship would be of great benefit. It would enable me to go to Europe to come in direct contact with sculpture, painting and architecture in context. To experience European cultural climates both intellectual and aesthetic.
I will be able to study the prehistoric cave drawings of Lascaux (the first great art of Western Civilization). The French, Dutch and Italian Museums, the Gothic, Baroque architecture, and Roman ruins. Such experience will provide energy and material for my work. It will broaden my own knowledge and concepts, not only for the painting I intend to do there, but for a lifetime of work.
Courtesy Virginia Museum of Fine Arts
Cy Twombly’s letter to Mr. Leslie Cheek, Jr., Director of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, Richmond (Virginia).
Tangier, December 5th, 1952
Dear Mr. Cheek,
I’ve just returned from digging at a Roman bath with the Director of the Museum here.
Northern Africa is covered with wonderful Roman cities and in this part they are just beginning (in the last yr. [year]) to excavate.
I’ve learned so much from the Arabs. My painting has changed a great deal. I have hundreds of sketches to use for paintings.
Moving so much I haven’t been able to actually paint. I’ve made 6 or 8 large tapestries out of bright material which the natives use for clothing.
I plan to use them in my show in Rome next mo. [month]. I can’t begin to say how much Africa was affected my work (for the better I hope).
I leave here in the morning to go to Tetuan in upper Maroc [Morocco] for a few weeks, then to Sevilla and Madrid and the prehistoric section in Northern Sp. [Spain] before going to Rome. In Feb. [February] I plan to go to Greece, Crete and then down to Egypt. You can write me to American Express, Madrid, Spain. I wrote you a large letter from South Maroc. [Morocco] but I don’t think my letter got through, as my parents haven’t been receiving my mail.
I hope the work at the Museum is coming along alright.
Sincerely,
Cy Twombly
Cy Twombly, Panorama, 1955 [Buena Vista, Virginia]
© Cy Twombly Foundation
Photo Sebastiano Luciano